```json { "classifications": [ {"column": "Model", "role": "identifier", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Primary key identifying each AI model; very high cardinality (3569 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Domain", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field for grouping/filtering by domain (179 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Task", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field for grouping/filtering by task type (928 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Organization", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field for grouping/filtering by organization (1315 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Authors", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form text listing authors; displayed but not grouped or aggregated"}, {"column": "Publication date", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Date field used for filtering and time-based grouping"}, {"column": "Reference", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form reference text for display purposes"}, {"column": "Link", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "URL or descriptive text for display; not grouped or aggregated"}, {"column": "Citations", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric count that can be summed or averaged"}, {"column": "Notability criteria", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field for filtering/grouping (42 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Notability criteria notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text for display"}, {"column": "Parameters", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric quantity representing model size; can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Parameters notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about parameters"}, {"column": "Training compute (FLOP)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric quantity of compute operations; can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Training compute notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about compute calculations"}, {"column": "Training dataset size (total)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 0.9, "reason": "Numeric dataset size; stored as text but represents aggregatable quantity"}, {"column": "Dataset size notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about dataset"}, {"column": "Training time (hours)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric duration that can be summed or averaged"}, {"column": "Training time notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about training time"}, {"column": "Training hardware", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field for grouping by hardware type (146 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Approach", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Low-cardinality categorical field for grouping (8 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Confidence", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Low-cardinality categorical field for filtering (5 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Abstract", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Long free-form text description for display"}, {"column": "Epochs", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric training parameter that can be averaged"}, {"column": "WikiText and Penn Treebank data", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 0.8, "reason": "Appears to be categorical identifier or benchmark name (404 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Model accessibility", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Low-cardinality categorical field for filtering (7 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Country (of organization)", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Geographic dimension for grouping/filtering"}, {"column": "Base model", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field indicating model lineage (346 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Finetune compute (FLOP)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric compute quantity that can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Finetune compute notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about finetuning"}, {"column": "Hardware quantity", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric count of hardware units; can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Hardware utilization (MFU)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric ratio/percentage that can be averaged"}, {"column": "Last modified", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Timestamp for filtering and temporal analysis"}, {"column": "Training cloud compute vendor", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Low-cardinality categorical field for grouping (14 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Training data center", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 0.9, "reason": "Categorical field for grouping, though contains some descriptive text"}, {"column": "Archived links", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 0.7, "reason": "Low cardinality (25 values) suggests categorical grouping use"}, {"column": "Batch size", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric training parameter that can be averaged"}, {"column": "Batch size notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about batch size"}, {"column": "Organization categorization", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field for grouping organizations (128 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Foundation model", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Boolean flag for filtering (only 'true' values present)"}, {"column": "Training compute lower bound", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric bound that can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Training compute upper bound", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric bound that can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Training chip-hours", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric quantity that can be summed or averaged"}, {"column": "Training code accessibility", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Low-cardinality categorical field for filtering (5 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Accessibility notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about accessibility"}, {"column": "Possibly over 1e23 FLOP", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Boolean flag for filtering"}, {"column": "Training compute cost (2023 USD)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric cost that can be summed or averaged"}, {"column": "Utilization notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about utilization"}, {"column": "Numerical format", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Low-cardinality categorical field for grouping (8 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Frontier model", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Boolean flag for filtering"}, {"column": "Training power draw (W)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric power measurement that can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Training compute estimation method", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Categorical field for grouping by methodology (39 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Hugging Face developer id", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 0.9, "reason": "Developer identifier used for grouping (196 distinct values)"}, {"column": "Post-training compute (FLOP)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric compute quantity that can be aggregated"}, {"column": "Post-training compute notes", "role": "attribute", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Free-form descriptive text about post-training"}, {"column": "Hardware utilization (HFU)", "role": "measure", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Numeric ratio/percentage that can be averaged"}, {"column": "Open model weights?", "role": "dimension", "confidence": 1.0, "reason": "Boolean flag for filtering (true/false values)"} ] } ```